Saturday, 27 April 2013

“Does the Nigerian education system prepare students for the work environment?”


 
According to the Shorter Oxford Dictionary on Historical Principles by Williams Little, the term “education” is defined as “the systematic instruction, schooling or training given to the young (and by extension to adults) in preparation for the work of life”. This definition particularly captures my attention because it underscores the elementary purpose of education in any society and states vividly the things that every education system must concern itself with, i.e. effectively preparing students ‘for the work of life’.
It is rather unfortunate that the Nigerian education system cannot be said to be faring well in this regard as it has been discovered that more than half of the number of unemployed persons in Nigeria today, are those that are simply unemployable!. Thus, there exists a strong mismatch between the expectations of the employers of labor in Nigeria and the quality of graduates produced by the Nigerian universities. Teboho Moja (2000) in his work “Nigerian Education Sector Analysis: an analytical synthesis of performance and main issues” rightly and succinctly captured the situation thus; “one of the greatest tragedies of the last decade is the collapse of an educational system which was founded on sound developmental goals. The higher education system in Nigeria once boasted of world class universities. They have now deteriorated to such an extent that local employers and overseas institutions often have to put Nigerian graduates into remedial classes for them to cope with graduate studies” 
The observation of Teboho is not far from the truth given the realities of the Nigerian education system. Therefore, saying that the unemployability of fresh Nigerian graduates can be directly linked to the decline in the system would amount to stating the obvious.
Notably, the dearth of infrastructure in the Nigerian higher education system constitutes one of the major reasons why a good number of the able bodied men in the country cannot be employed. The shortage of instructional materials to aid teaching, the lack of modern laboratory equipment for teaching and research, the inadequate classrooms for the students and offices for lecturers and the shortage of books and journals to facilitate practical learning are among other infrastructural problems faced by higher institutions in Nigeria, thus it is not surprising that these students who eventually graduate from these institutions find it difficult to meet the demands of the employers who are not really concerned about their paper qualifications but practical skills appropriate for job fulfillment. According to a This Day Newspaper report (2005) on what graduates think about research in schools, the older graduates awarded higher scores to questions on opportunities to engage in research, participate in supervised work experience and have access to technical and laboratory resources than their fresher counterparts.
Furthermore, the lack of well trained human resources in the Nigerian education system has also constituted a major setback to preparing students for the work environment. In colleges of education for example, the training methods and approaches usually adopted in preparing students for the teaching profession are outdated and do not take into consideration the changes taking place in both the teaching environments in which teachers are likely to work and the requirements of a more technological global environment.
In another respect, parents, lecturers, and even employers seem to lay enormous emphasis on paper qualifications nowadays rather than the acquisition of practical life skills that will prepare the students for the work environment. This rather sinister development which is fast becoming second nature with the Nigerian system spells doom on the quality of the products of the system and if something is not done real quick about the situation, we will have no one to blame for it but ourselves. More so, it is common nowadays to hear parents tell their children “go to school, read your books and come out with first class” and when they get to school their lecturers in like manner will hammer on “read your books hard so that you can pass my exams”. Consequently, the students will only attend classes because they want to know the kind of questions that will eventually come out in the examinations. In the same vein, many companies these days seem to worship certificates and emphasize their production before a certain type of   job can be offered to them. The most popular of such demands is a first class or at least a second class upper degree before secretarial jobs can be given. The resultant effect of this emphasis is that students now just basically go to school to acquire the certificates that will be fit for their kinds of jobs and not the necessary skills and knowledge required to stay on the job.
Given the above, it is sacrosanct at this stage that drastic measures be taken to address the issue for the good of our education system and the country at large.
It is therefore suggested that in order to remedy the dwindling situation of the Nigerian education system and in order to give our youths a better chance at life, the government must wake up to her responsibility by allocating more funds from the federal budget to the education sector so as to cater for the infrastructural decadence in the sector. Unlike past years, the current 426.53 billion Naira allocated to the sector in the 2013 budget is a right step in the right direction.
Similarly, the policy makers must evolve a curriculum that advocates the acquisition certain technical and practical life skills at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels so as to better equip students for the work environment.
Conclusively, as it is often said that education is the bedrock of any nation and that no nation can live above the level of its education, it is necessary that the deplorable state of education in Nigeria be promptly addressed so as not to only redeem its lost glory but to better equip our students for the work environment.    

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